USD Index rose 0.27% to 99.96 while AUD/USD fell 0.33% to 0.7034, supporting flat-to-higher USD-denominated prices for copper at 6.72 USD/lb and tungsten at 665.57 USD/mtu. Lithium hydroxide slipped 2.10% to 128000 CNY/t amid the broader risk-off tone in S&P 500. These moves set a mildly supportive backdrop for physical supply constraints rather than demand-driven rallies. Freeport-McMoRan’s PT Freeport Indonesia Grasberg Block Cave mine remains under force majeure after the September 2025 fatality, with 591 kt of copper output lost through end-2026 (278 kt in 2025, 313 kt in 2026) and only 65% capacity restoration targeted for H2 2026. Benchmark Mineral Intelligence analysis now projects a steep global refined copper deficit in 2026 as a direct result. Glencore simultaneously cut its 2026 copper guidance to 840 kt from 930 kt citing Collahuasi issues, tightening near-term availability further. Freeport-McMoRan and Glencore face the largest immediate exposure through Grasberg and Collahuasi output shortfalls, while Rio Tinto’s ongoing merger commentary with Glencore highlights potential consolidation of the affected copper assets; ASX-listed copper producers with Indonesian or Chilean exposure will see the tightest linkage to the 2026 deficit forecast.